The Abbasid Caliphate was the third caliphate. The institution of the caliphate was conceived in 632 CE after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (570-632 CE). The Abbasids were an Arabic dynasty that initially ruled over most of the Islamic empire after assuming the caliphate in 750 CE, later on, their empire fragmented, however, they retained spiritual supremacy as caliphs until 1258 CE. The Umayyads were generally excellent administrators and kept the realm in check through a potent mixture of politics and brute force of their military might. they failed to contain and instead helped invigorate was the alienation of various Arab and non-Arab factions, most notably: the Shias and the Persians. The political power of the caliphs was limited with the rise of the Iranian Buyids and the Seljuq Turks. The Abbasid line of rulers, and Muslim culture in general, re-centered themselves in the Mamluk capital of Cairo in 1261. Though lacking in political power, the dynasty continued to claim religious authority until after the Ottoman conquest of Egypt in 1517. Let's know more about Abbasid Caliphate.
1. What Caliphate came before the Abbasid Caliphate?
A. Rashidun Caliphate
B. Fatima Caliphate
C. Umayyad Caliphate
D. Ottoman Caliphate
2. What was the capital city of the Abbasid Caliphate up until 1258 CE?
A. Mongols
B. Damascus
C. Baghdad
D. Jerusalem
3. Who sacked the capital city of the Abbasid Caliphate in 1258 CE causing the Abbasids to flee?
A. Mongols
B. Ottoman Empire
C. Visigoths
D. Huns
4. Where did the Abbasid Caliphate reestablish the Caliphate in 1261 CE?
A. Istanbul
B. Damascus
C. Iran
D. Egypt
5. What was the leader of the Abbasid Caliphate called?
A. Emperor
B. Caliph
C. Sultan
D. King
6. Who held the political power during the second period of the Abbasid Caliphate after 1261 CE?
A. Mamluks
B. Ottomans
C. Mongols
D. Greeks
7. What empire conquered the Abbasid Caliphate to put an end to its second period of rule in 1517 CE?
A. Roman Empire
B. British Empire
C. Ottoman Empire
D. Greek Empire
8. Who was the first Abbasid caliph?
A. Ali
B. Gamal abd al-Nasar
C. Al-Jahiz as-Hazzik
D. Abu al-Abbas as-Saffash
9. Which of the following shows the correct order of rulers of the Muslim empire from 750 to 1300?
A. Abbasids, Seljuk Turks, Mongols, Umayyads
B. Seljuk Turks, Mongols, Umayyads, Abbasids
C. Umayyads, Abbasids, Seljuk Turks, Mongol
D. Umayyads, Mongols, Abbasids, Seljuk Turks
10. Who was the great fifth caliph of the Abbasids?
A. Ahl al- Kitab
B. Harun al-Rashid
C. Al-Mamun
D. Uthman
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